COAGULANT ferric chloride, hexahydrate, per kg

STD CWATTREACF1

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Former Code(s): CWATCOAGCF6 CWATTREACF2
Hazardous materials and products (identified by their 4-digit transport UN-number) must be transported under certain conditions as specified in the MSDS sheet (Material Safety Data Sheet).
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COAGULANT ferric chloride, hexahydrate

Definition

Coagulant used for treating turbid water.

Crystallised granules/rocks of FeCl3. Orange-like colour and corrosive to metals, abrasive to the eyes, and of mild toxicity if inhaled. Soluble in water, but may leave a yellowish colour.

Synonym

Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate

Specifications

Solid small lumps (balls) of ferric chloride (hexahydrate) which might accumulate to big lumps difficult to use. The product also exists in liquid form, but is not recommended for (air) transport reasons.

Lumps are amber coloured and crystalline with a "slight" odour. They have the following identifiers:

CAS number

  • 7705-08-0
  • 10025-77-1 (hexahydrate)

Chemical formula FeCl3.6H20

Concentration 60% (40% for the liquid form)

Very hydrophilic: Will even absorb the humidity of the ambient air and start to dissolve completely

Solubility in water: Very soluble in cold / hot water. Hygroscopic.

Stability: Very stable (even when diluted in 1% solution)

Corrosive: Corrosive to metals

Transport Dangerous Goods

  • N2582 Ferric chloride, solution, 8, III
  • Transport hazard class(es) (DOT): 8 - Class 8 - Corrosive material 49 CFR 173.136
  • See MSDS provided by supplier

Instructions for use

Treatment of drinking water

For treating turbid water, a 1 % stock solution (or "mother solution") is used (10 g/litre).

It is made with 10 x (100/60) = 17 g FeCl3 lumps (60% concentration) for 1 litre of water. The FeCl3 lumps will dissolve completely.

The stock solution should be kept in an airtight, non-metallic container. It can be kept for a prolonged period, but should be shaken before use to mix the iron which has settled to the bottom.

Certain water analyses should be made beforehand: certainly pH (range of use: 5.0 till 9.0), turbidity, and preferably also conductivity, alkalinity (pH buffer effect) and temperature.

A jar test will have to be performed to determine the dosage needed.

Transparent 1 litre beakers are ideal as the formation and finally the settling of flocs will be very visible. The quantity required for this small volume can then be extrapolated according to the volume of the big sedimentation tank or to the flow of raw water which is pumped into the sedimentation tank or through the Water treatment Unit. Once all flocs have settled (this takes several hours) or when the water has passed the Water Treatment Unit, it still needs to be chlorinated in a separate reservoir.

Attention: Ferric chloride might provoke a slightly yellowish colour to the treated water if sedimentation times are too short and/or if the dosage is not correctly performed. And this might be enhanced once the chlorine is added due to its oxidation effect. Thus a residual iron test is strongly recommended and should preferably be under 0.2 – 0.3 mg/l.

See also:

"Public Health Engineering in Precarious Situations", MSF, 2nd edition, 2010:

  • T.B. 2.14 Coagulants / flocculants
  • T.B. 2.15 Jar test for coagulants

for preparation of coagulation solution and their jar test, and

"Public Health Engineering in Precarious Situations", MSF, 2nd edition, 2010:

  • T.B. 2.16 Assisted batch sedimentation
  • T.B. 2.17 Filtration methods

for water treatment methods based on coagulants, and

"Public Health Engineering in Precarious Situations", MSF, 2nd edition, 2010:

  • T.B. 2.13 Turbidity measurement
  • T.B. 2.22 Monitoring chlorination

for water analysis to be done before and after the coagulant is used.

Precautions for Use

  • Read the information on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) carefully before use
  • Prepare solutions in non-metallic containers
  • Avoid inhaling vapour and dust when handling FeCl3, as it will effect the gastro-intestinal and respiratory tracts
  • Very hazardous in case of ingestion

Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately.

  • Avoid skin and eye contact as the FeCl3 lumps and solution are very acid, thus aggressive
  • Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness.
  • Wash eyes and/or skin thoroughly after contact!
  • Severe over-exposure can produce lung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death
  • seek medical attention when feeling unwell after exposure
  • The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is advisable.
  • Never mix FeCl3 lumps with anything else than clean water to prepare the coagulant solution.
  • Train staff on handling and use.

Storage

  • Consult the product's MSDS (safety data sheet)
  • Store in a dry and well-ventilated place
  • Ensure containers are properly resealed after use, otherwise the lumps will dissolve and its active concentration will not be determinable anymore.
  • Stores well under good storage conditions, and can even be kept for prolonged periods as a 1% stock solution.
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Image Image
H302Harmful if swallowed
H312Harmful in contact with skin.
H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
H318Causes serious eye damage.
H332Harmful if inhaled.
H335May cause respiratory irritation
EUH401To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the instructions for use.
H301 + H311 + H331Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled
P405Store locked up.
P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P264Wash … thoroughly after handling
P273Avoid release to the environment
P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection
P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P301 + P310IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P330 + P331IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting
P303 + P361 + P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P304 + P340IF INHALED: Remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338IF IN EYES: rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. If the victim wears contact lenses, remove them if possible. Keep rinsing
P501Dispose of contents/container to location in accordance with local and regional/ national/ international regulations